View source for The Little Prince (Saint-Exupéry)

{{autotranslated}}

{{Rephrase.
| Title = The Little Prince
| Subtitle = 
| Original Title = Le Petit Prince 
| Cycle = 
| Author = Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
| Literary form = novel
| Year of publication = 1943
| Microsummary = A pilot met a boy traveling among the stars, and they became friends. The boy told the pilot about his journey and his home planet, and then returned home, where his favorite rose was waiting for him.
| Wikidata = Q25338
}}

{{start of text}}

== Very brief summary ==
As the pilot was flying over the Sahara, his plane broke down.

{{Character.
| Name = Pilot 
| Description = Narrator, an adult who has not lost his childlike view of the world, kind, naive, romantic
| Portrait = Pilot (Saint-Exupéry).jpg
| Wikidata = 
}}

He made a forced landing in the middle of the desert and began fixing the plane.

One day at dawn the pilot was awakened by a little boy who had come out of nowhere. It was the Little Prince.

{{Character.
| Name = Little Prince 
| Description = boy with pale face and golden hair, able to travel from planet to planet, kind, serious, impressionable, inquisitive, naive
| Portrait = The Little Prince (Saint-Exupery).jpg
| Wikidata = Q58185387
}}

The pilot became attached to the Little Prince. Talking to him, the pilot learned that he came from the small asteroid B-612. The prince lived lonely on his planet, cooking his meals on two knee-high volcanoes and weeding out baobab sprouts in the morning, until one day a seed was carried to the asteroid, from which a beautiful rose grew.

The Little Prince was delighted with the visitor and fell in love with her, but the rose proved to be proud and resentful. She tormented the Little Prince with her caprices, and he set out on a long journey.

The Little Prince visited the six nearest asteroids, where the king, the ambitious, the drunkard, the businessman, the lanternman, and the geographer lived, and then he flew to Earth. The prince landed in the middle of the Sahara and met a snake who promised to use her venom to bring him home whenever he wanted.

Then the Little Prince stumbled upon an entire garden of roses and realized that his rose was not unique. This made him very sad, but then the wise Fox came to him and explained that a thing, a person or a flower must be tamed, only then they will become the only thing in the world that is unlike others.

{{Character
| Name = Fox
| Description = Cunning and wise, doesn't like human hunters, likes chickens; befriended the Little Prince
| Portrait = Fox (Saint-Exupéry).jpg
| Wikidata = 
}}
 
The Little Prince realized that the rose had tamed him long ago. He wanted to return to the rose and enlisted the help of the snake. As parting, the Little Prince gave the aviator, whom he had managed to tame, his tinkling laughter - the aviator will always hear it when he looks at the stars.

== Chapter-by-Chapter Paraphrase ==
''The chapter titles are tentative.''

The author apologizes for dedicating this novella to his adult friend. He did it to support him in his time of need. And since "all adults were children first, only few of them remember it," the author corrects himself and dedicates the book to his friend, but when he was a child.

{{Questions|
# How did you understand the dedication at the beginning of the tale? 
}}

=== Chapter 1: The Elephant in the Boa Constrictor ===
When the pilot was six years old, he saw a picture in a book in which a boa constrictor was swallowing an animal whole. The pilot then drew a picture of an elephant being swallowed by a boa constrictor, but his parents thought it was a hat. Then he drew the boa constrictor from the inside, and the adults advised him "not to draw snakes either from the outside or from the inside, but to be more interested in geography, history, arithmetic, and spelling."

{{Quote|
Adults never understand anything themselves, and it is very tedious for children to have to explain and explain everything to them all the time.
}}

The narrator no longer drew, but became a pilot and flew around the world. He lived among the adults for a long time, but "didn't think any better of them," because none of them ever realized that the pilot's drawing was not a hat, but a boa constrictor that had swallowed an elephant.

{{Questions|
# Why does the narrator turn to memories of his childhood? How do these memories prepare us for the appearance of the Little Prince? 
# Why did the author make the pilot the narrator and not the Prince? 
# Why does the narrator dislike adults? Is he ever such an adult himself?
# What does the narrator have trouble accepting and understanding in the adult world?
}}

=== Chapter 2: Meet the Little Prince ===
One day a pilot had to make a forced landing in the Sahara to fix his plane. He barely had enough water for a week. The pilot was awakened at dawn by a small voice asking him to draw a lamb. It was the Little Prince. It was not as if he were lost in the desert and dying of hunger and thirst. The aviator couldn't refuse him and drew what he knew how to do - an elephant in a boa constrictor. The little prince immediately realized that the drawing was not a hat, but an elephant in a boa constrictor, and said that he only wanted a lamb, because "everything in his house is very small."

The pilot drew several lambs, but none of them appealed to the little guy. Finally the pilot drew a box, which supposedly contained a lamb, and the prince was quite happy with that.

{{Questions|}
# Find a description of the Little Prince's first appearance.  What impression did this appearance make on the narrator? 
# Why did the Little Prince and the aviator quickly find common ground and become friends? 
}}

=== Chapters 3-6. Asteroid B-612 ===
The pilot finds out that the prince came from a small planet the size of a house. It was most likely asteroid B-612, discovered in 1909 by a Turkish astronomer. The aviator gave such a detailed account of the asteroid because adults only believe in numbers, and that would convince them of the existence of the Little Prince.

There were many baobab seeds in the soil of B-612. Huge baobabs could tear the planet apart with their roots, so the Little Prince weeded out their sprouts every morning.

{{Quote|
- There's a firm rule," the Little Prince told me later. - Get up in the morning, wash your face, tidy up, and immediately tidy up your planet.
}}

When the Little Prince got sad and lonely, he would watch the sunsets. The asteroid was so small that you could watch sunsets many times a day-just move a chair. One day the prince saw 43 sunsets in a row.

{{Questions|
# Why does the fairy tale constantly talk about "strange adults"? What does the author see as the difference between adults and children? Why does Exupery value children's perception of the world so much?
# How do children differ from adults, according to the narrator? 
# Where did the hero of the story come from and why is he a "prince"? 
# What did you learn about the Little Prince from his stories about his planet? What are his rules of life? 
# What "firm rule" did the Little Prince always follow? How do you understand the allegorical meaning of this rule?
# Tell about the life of the Little Prince on the asteroid. What rules and laws exist on the little planet? Do they somehow overlap with the laws of human life on Earth?
}}

=== Chapters 7-8. Beautiful Flower ===
On the fifth day, the Little Prince asked the aviator if the lamb eats flowers with thorns. The pilot was busy and angry: he couldn't get the plane fixed. But the Little Prince, "asking a question ... never gave up until he got an answer." He was offended that the pilot spoke to him "like an adult," and he cried.

It turned out that there was a beautiful flower with thorns growing on B-612, whose seed was accidentally brought to the asteroid, and the little boy was afraid that the lamb would eat it. The prince loved the guest and devotedly cared for it: watered it, covered it from the wind. The guest turned out to be proud and resentful. She tormented the Little Prince, and he decided to go on a journey. Now the prince understood that one should not listen to the flowers, but simply enjoy their fragrance.

The aviator comforted the Little Prince and promised to draw a muzzle for the lamb.

{{Questions|
# Was the Little Prince happy on his planet? What changed in his life when the rose appeared?
# What's so surprising about a rose growing on the Little Prince's planet? What is the strange relationship between them, what is it like?
# Explain how the rose "tamed" the Little Prince?
# Why did the Little Prince go on a journey? Was he going to return?
}}

=== Chapters 9-15. The King, the Ambitious, the Drunkard, the Businessman, the Lanternist, and the Geographer ===
The little prince told how he had tidied up his planet, cleaned up three volcanoes - one extinct and two active, on which he cooked food - and set off on his journey. At parting, Belle apologized for her behavior and confessed that she loved the prince, too.

First, the Little Prince visited the six nearest asteroids. On the first one lived the king. He was happy to see the Little Prince: at last he could be king for someone. The monarch was wise and gave only those orders that his subjects could carry out. When the prince wanted to admire the sunset, the king commanded that the sun set in the evening.

The little prince did not want to wait until evening, so he decided to continue his journey. The king asked him to stay, to be his minister, but the prince refused. The king could not allow himself to be disobeyed, and commanded the Little Prince to become an ambassador.

On the second planet lived an ambitious man. He asked the prince to pat him on the back and began bowing out, taking off his funny hat. The ambitious man wanted to be recognized as the smartest, richest, and cleverest, even though he was the only inhabitant of the planet. The prince shrugged his shoulders and decided that "adults are very strange people."

On the third planet lived a drunkard. He felt bad about his drinking, but he kept drinking to forget about it. The prince became very sad.

The fourth planet belonged to a businessman. The businessman was sure that he owned the stars, for so far "no one had guessed to take possession of them." He spent days counting the stars to write down their number on a piece of paper and put it in the bank. The little prince said that the stars were of no use to anyone who owned them, and went on his way.

On the fifth planet, the smallest, there was a lantern, and a lanternman lived. He had to light the lantern in the evenings and extinguish it in the mornings. Over time, the planet began to rotate very quickly, and the lanternman had to light and extinguish the lantern every minute. He was very tired and wanted to sleep, but he could not break his agreement and quit his work. The prince thought that the lantern-keeper was better than a king, an ambitious man, a drunkard and a businessman, for "he thinks not only of himself."

On the sixth planet lived a geographer. He wrote thick books about travel, not by traveling, but by writing down other people's stories. The geographer advised the Little Prince to visit the planet Earth: "it has a pretty good reputation."

{{Questions|
# Is there a pattern and order to the hero's journey from one planet to another? What do these planets remind us of?
# Who did the Little Prince meet on the other planets and what life discoveries did he make?
# Describe the planets the Little Prince visited on his way to Earth. Describe the King, the Drunkard, the Businessman, the Narcissist, and the Geographer. What do you think is the author's attitude toward these characters and does it coincide with that of the Little Prince? How is the Lantern Man different from all these people?
}}

=== Chapters 16-20. The Little Prince Arrives on Earth ===
There were many thousands of kings, ambitious men, drunks, businessmen, lanternmen, and geographers living on Earth. But the prince landed in the Sahara and met a snake. It said it possessed power. People touched by the snake went back to the land from which they came. And the Little Prince, when he wanted to, could return home with its help.

The prince crossed the desert, but found no people. Finally he stumbled upon a garden full of roses, realized that his beautiful flower was a rose, "and felt very, very unhappy."

{{ quote|
His beauty told him that there was none like her in the whole universe. And there in front of him are five thousand exactly the same flowers in the garden alone!
}}

It turned out that he possessed only an ordinary rose and three knee-high volcanoes. The little prince thought, "What kind of a prince am I after this..." and he cried.

{{Questions|
# What impression did the Little Prince have of the Earth? 
# How is Earth different from all the other planets the Little Prince visited?
# Why did the Little Prince's first appearance on Earth take place in the desert? What does this image symbolize? Can we call the Little Prince lonely?
# Where did the hero come to Earth and what did he see here? What did he experience when he saw many beautiful roses?
# Why was the Little Prince upset when he got to a garden full of roses?
}}

=== Chapter 21. Meeting the Wise Fox ===
The little prince was hailed by the Fox. He said that his life was boring: people hunted him, and he hunted chickens. The prince, who was very lonely, asked the Fox to play with him. The fox said he could not do so because he had not yet tamed him. To tame means "to create a bond. If the prince tames the Fox, they will be the only ones for each other and the Fox's life will be illuminated by love.

The little prince realized that the rose had tamed him and was the only rose in the world, unlike any other rose.

The fox asked the prince to tame it, but he replied that he didn't have time, he "still had to find friends and learn different things." The fox said that friends must also be learned and tamed. He explained to the prince that taming is not a quick matter, and "you have to observe the rituals" that distinguish one day, hour or minute from the rest of their kind and make them special.

Gradually the prince tamed the Fox. When it was time to say goodbye, the Fox said he would weep for the prince, but still now he had someone who was the only one in the world. The Fox also told the Little Prince a secret: "Only the heart is alert. You can't see the most important things with your eyes. The rose is so dear to the prince because he has given all his time to her, so he is responsible for her, he is "forever responsible for all those he has tamed.

{{Questions|
# Why did the author call Fox a fox and not a fox? What is the meaning of this substitution?
# The fox asks the Little Prince to "tame" him. What would you more accurately call what the fox calls "taming"? Can this word describe the actions of the narrator pilot and his little hero? 
# Do you think the rose that grew on the Little Prince's planet was the only one or the same as thousands of others?
# How do you understand Fox's comments that "words only hinder one another's understanding" and that "you can't see the most important things with your eyes"? 
# Do you agree with Fox's view that "you are always responsible for those you tame..."? 
# What role does the Fox play in the fate of the Little Prince?
# Why does Exupery make the Little Prince's teacher not a man, but a fox? What is the wisdom of the Fox? What secrets did the Fox reveal to the Little Prince?
}}

=== Chapters 22-23. The Arrowman and the Merchant ===
Then the Little Prince met the pointsman who sent the trains. The prince never understood why people ride the trains, where they were in a hurry, what they were looking for. The pointsman said that even the driver did not know that.

Then the prince met a vendor of thirst-quenching pills. After one pill, he didn't feel thirsty for a week, which saved time. The little prince thought: if he had free time, he would just go to the spring.

{{Questions|
# What did the Little Prince experience and understand on Earth? 
}}

=== Chapters 24-25. A Well in the Desert ===
A week had passed since the aviator had his accident and he was out of water. He thought that the Little Prince didn't feel hungry and thirsty, so he didn't understand the danger the pilot was in. And then the prince said that he was thirsty, too, because "the heart needs water, too," and suggested finding a well.

They walked for a long time through the desert. The little prince said that the desert was good with springs hiding in it. The pilot agreed with him: "Whether it's the house, the stars, or the desert, the most beautiful thing about them is what you can't see with your eyes."

At dawn they found a real village well. The prince drank the water, which was "born of the long journey under the stars, of the creaking of the gate, of the effort of ... hands" and was "like a gift to the heart."

The prince then said that he had been traveling the earth for a year and it was time for him to return to his rose. He stayed at the well and sent the pilot to fix the plane.

{{Questions|
# What do the narrator and the Little Prince have in common? Why don't they always understand each other?
# What truths does the Little Prince reveal to the pilot as he talks about springs in the desert, about water that "the heart also needs," and about the stars?  
}}

=== Chapters 26-27. Farewell to the Little Prince ===
In the morning, the aviator returned to the well. He did not want the Little Prince to leave, for he had managed to tame him.

The prince gave the aviator his laughter. Now, looking up into the night sky, the pilot will hear the stars laughing, and that will comfort him, and to the prince each star will be like a well with a creaking gate, because "each man has his own stars.

At night they went to the place where the Little Prince landed. A snake bit him and the child fell into the sand. When it dawned, the pilot did not find his body. He fixed the plane and returned to the people.

Six years had passed since then. The pilot missed the Little Prince very much. At night he listened to the laughter of the stars and wondered if the lamb had eaten the rose. After all, he had forgotten to draw a strap to his muzzle.

{{Quote|
<poem>
Look up at the sky. And ask yourself: "Is that rose alive or is it gone? What if a lamb ate it?" And you'll see: everything will be different... 
And never any adult will understand how important it is!
</poem>
}}

{{Questions|
# What did the pilot understand and learn from the Little Prince?
# Reread the Little Prince's conversation with the pilot about the stars. How do you understand his words, "Every man has his own stars"?
# Why did the Little Prince decide to use the snake?
# Why did the hero eventually decide to go back? Was he successful? What is this strange way of returning? What will he still do and what will he change in his own life when he gets there?
# What did you learn about the narrator? Why did he feel lonely before he met the Little Prince?
# Would you call the ending open-ended? Why? 
# What choices does each character in the story face? What and why does he choose, and how does that choice characterize the character? 
# What discoveries did the Aviator make? What did his encounter with the Little Prince mean to him? 
# What qualities did the writer impart to the Little Prince? 
}}

''The retelling is based on [https://www.litres.ru/antuan-de-sent-ekzuperi/malenkiy-princ-9815607/&lfrom=2267795 translation by Nora Gal] (MTF, 2019).''

{{end of text}}

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